2. Verbindung für VoIP / Was bedeutet dslencap_inherit?

[nbd44]

Hallo,

ich habe aus einer autoprovisionierten FritzBox folgenden Teil der ar7.cfg ausgelesen, da ich die Verbindung gerne mit einem anderen Router herstellen würde:

        dslifaces {
                enabled = yes;
                name = "internet";
                weight = 50;
                dsl_encap = dslencap_pppoe;
                dslinterfacename = "dsl";
                no_masquerading = no;
                use_fixed_masqaddr_if_no_masquerading = no;
                no_firewall = no;
                stackmode = stackmode_ipv4only;
                pppoevlanauto = no;
                pppoevlanauto_startwithvlan = no;
                vlancfg {
                        vlanencap = vlanencap_fixed_prio;
                        vlanid = 7;
                        vlanprio = 0;
                }
                ppptarget = "internet";
                fixed_masqaddr = 0.0.0.0;
                mtu = 0;
                etherencapcfg {
                        use_dhcp = yes;
                        use_dhcp_if_not_encap_ether = no;
                        ipaddr = 0.0.0.0;
                        netmask = 0.0.0.0;
                        gateway = 0.0.0.0;
                        dns1 = 0.0.0.0;
                        dns2 = 0.0.0.0;
                }
                is_mcupstream = yes;
                stay_always_online = yes;
                disable_ondemand = no;
                reconnect_delay_after_conn_abort = 30s;
                only_route_when_connected = no;
                redial_delay_after_auth_failure = 1m;
                redial_limit = 3;
                redial_after_limit_reached = 10m;
                redial_after_limit_reached_variance = 5m;
                redial_delay_after_low_error = 10s;
                redial_delay_after_ppp_timeout = 10s;
                redial_delay_after_ppp_error = 0w;
                routes_only_for_local = no;
                dproutes_only_for_local = no;
                disable_staticroutes_on_dhcproutes = no;
                ripv2receiver_enabled = no;
                ripv2_update_timer = 30s;
                ripv2authmode = ripv2_auth_none;
                ripv2md5_keyid = 0;
                ripv2passwd = "";
                set_replicate_dhcpoptions_in_parameter_request_list = no;
                unset_ignored_dhcpoptions_in_parameter_request_list = yes;
                dsldpconfig {
                        security = dpsec_firewall;
                        filter_teredo = yes;
                        filter_netbios = yes;
                        lowinput {
                                policy = "permit";
                                accesslist = 
                                             "deny ip any 242.0.0.0 255.0.0.0", 
                                             "deny ip any host 255.255.255.255";
                        }
                        lowoutput {
                                policy = "permit";
                        }
                        highinput {
                                policy = "permit";
                        }
                        highoutput {
                                policy = "permit";
                                accesslist = 
                                             "reject ip any 242.0.0.0 255.0.0.0", 
                                             "deny ip any host 255.255.255.255", 
                                             "reject ip any 169.254.0.0 255.255.0.0";
                        }
                }
                dhcp_auth_mode = auth_none;
                dhcp_requests_with_client_id = yes;
        } {
                enabled = yes;
                name = "voip";
                weight = 50;
                dsl_encap = dslencap_inherit;
                dslinterfacename = "dsl";
                no_masquerading = no;
                use_fixed_masqaddr_if_no_masquerading = no;
                no_firewall = no;
                stackmode = stackmode_ipv4only;
                pppoevlanauto = no;
                pppoevlanauto_startwithvlan = no;
                ppptarget = "voip";
                fixed_masqaddr = 0.0.0.0;
                mtu = 0;
                etherencapcfg {
                        use_dhcp = yes;
                        use_dhcp_if_not_encap_ether = no;
                        ipaddr = 0.0.0.0;
                        netmask = 0.0.0.0;
                        gateway = 0.0.0.0;
                        dns1 = 0.0.0.0;
                        dns2 = 0.0.0.0;
                }
                is_mcupstream = no;
                stay_always_online = yes;
                disable_ondemand = no;
                reconnect_delay_after_conn_abort = 30s;
                only_route_when_connected = no;
                redial_delay_after_auth_failure = 1m;
                redial_limit = 3;
                redial_after_limit_reached = 10m;
                redial_after_limit_reached_variance = 5m;
                redial_delay_after_low_error = 10s;
                redial_delay_after_ppp_timeout = 10s;
                redial_delay_after_ppp_error = 0w;
                routes_only_for_local = no;
                dproutes_only_for_local = no;
                disable_staticroutes_on_dhcproutes = no;
                ripv2receiver_enabled = no;
                ripv2_update_timer = 30s;
                ripv2authmode = ripv2_auth_none;
                ripv2md5_keyid = 0;
                ripv2passwd = "";
                set_replicate_dhcpoptions_in_parameter_request_list = no;
                unset_ignored_dhcpoptions_in_parameter_request_list = yes;
                dsldpconfig {
                        security = dpsec_firewall;
                        filter_teredo = yes;
                        filter_netbios = yes;
                        lowinput {
                                policy = "permit";
                        }
                        lowoutput {
                                policy = "permit";
                        }
                        highinput {
                                policy = "permit";
                        }
                        highoutput {
                                policy = "permit";
                        }
                }
                dhcp_auth_mode = auth_none;
                dhcp_requests_with_client_id = yes;
        }
        targets {
                type = pppcfg_target_internet;
                name = "internet";
                only_crypt_auth = no;
                local {
                        username = "GEHEIM";
                        passwd = "GEHEIM";
                }
                remoteauth = pppcfg_authtype_chap;
                remoteauth_only_on_incoming = yes;
                remote {
                }
                inactivity_timeout = 5m;
                bUseChargeInterval = no;
                nChargeInterval = 1m;
                lcpecho_disconnect_mode = lcpecho_auto;
                logicaldisconnect_with_physical = yes;
                disconnect_timeout = 0w;
                finaldisconnectcall = no;
                ipnetbiosspoofing = no;
                dnsfilter_for_active_directory = no;
                no_outgoing_calls = no;
                coso = pppcfg_coso_caller;
                callback_delay = 1s;
                icbmode = pppcfg_icbmode_none;
                ocbmode = pppcfg_ocbmode_none;
                mscbprefered = no;
                multilink {
                        extra_static_channels = 0;
                        max_channels = 1;
                        automatic = no;
                        automatic_param {
                                window = 20s;
                                add_percent = 85;
                                drop_percent = 70;
                                sportlich = no;
                        }
                }
                header_compression = yes;
                data_compression = pppcfg_datacomp_auto;
                stac_reset_with_history_number = no;
                encryption = pppcfg_crypt_none;
                inactivity_prevention_interval = 0w;
                new_ipaddr_on_connect = no;
                my_ipaddr = 0.0.0.0;
                his_ipaddr = 0.0.0.0;
                overwrite_dns1 = 0.0.0.0;
                overwrite_dns2 = 0.0.0.0;
                bVolumeRoundUp = no;
                VolumeRoundUpBytes = 0;
                bProviderDisconnectPrevention = no;
                ProviderDisconnectPreventionInterval = 1d;
                ProviderDisconnectPreventionHour = 5;
                bProviderDisconnectPreventionHourSet = yes;
                passiv_on_outgoing = no;
                mode6 = mode6_off;
                mode4 = mode4_normal;
        } {
                type = pppcfg_target_internet;
                name = "voip";
                only_crypt_auth = no;
                local {
                        username = "";
                        passwd = "";
                }
                remoteauth = pppcfg_authtype_chap;
                remoteauth_only_on_incoming = yes;
                remote {
                }
                inactivity_timeout = 0w;
                bUseChargeInterval = no;
                nChargeInterval = 1m;
                lcpecho_disconnect_mode = lcpecho_auto;
                logicaldisconnect_with_physical = yes;
                disconnect_timeout = 0w;
                finaldisconnectcall = no;
                ipnetbiosspoofing = no;
                dnsfilter_for_active_directory = no;
                no_outgoing_calls = no;
                coso = pppcfg_coso_caller;
                callback_delay = 1s;
                icbmode = pppcfg_icbmode_none;
                ocbmode = pppcfg_ocbmode_none;
                mscbprefered = no;
                multilink {
                        extra_static_channels = 0;
                        max_channels = 1;
                        automatic = no;
                        automatic_param {
                                window = 20s;
                                add_percent = 85;
                                drop_percent = 70;
                                sportlich = no;
                        }
                }
                header_compression = yes;
                data_compression = pppcfg_datacomp_auto;
                stac_reset_with_history_number = no;
                encryption = pppcfg_crypt_none;
                inactivity_prevention_interval = 0w;
                new_ipaddr_on_connect = no;
                my_ipaddr = 0.0.0.0;
                his_ipaddr = 0.0.0.0;
                overwrite_dns1 = 0.0.0.0;
                overwrite_dns2 = 0.0.0.0;
                bVolumeRoundUp = no;
                VolumeRoundUpBytes = 0;
                bProviderDisconnectPrevention = no;
                ProviderDisconnectPreventionInterval = 1d;
                ProviderDisconnectPreventionHour = 5;
                bProviderDisconnectPreventionHourSet = yes;
                passiv_on_outgoing = no;
                mode6 = mode6_off;
                mode4 = mode4_normal;
        }

Hieraus wird sichtbar, dass die eigentliche Internetverbindung über eine PPPoE-Verbindung mit VLAN-Tag 7 und den GEHEIM-Zugangsdaten erfolgt.
Ich habe dies entsprechend in meinen anderen Router eingetragen und kann mich damit auch verbinden.

Allerdings gibt es laut Config noch eine zweite Verbindung für VoIP mit "dsl_encap = dslencap_inherit". Was bedeutet das? Muss die Verbindung hier mit PPPoE, DHCP oder noch etwas anderem erfolgen? Welchen VLAN-Tag muss ich verwenden?

Vielen Dank um Voraus und viele Grüße

 

[KunterBunter]

Das bedeutet ganz bestimmt, dass die zweite Internetverbindung die PPPoE-Daten von der ersten übernimmt.

 

[andiling]

U.U. hilft es wenn Du mehr zu Deinem Anbieter und Vorleister (z.B. in einer Signatur) mitteilst.

Für den nächsten Schritt: VoIP Zugangsdaten hast Du?

 

[nbd44]

Mein Anbieter (und Vorleister?) ist NetCologne. Dort habe ich das VDSL 50-Paket gebucht. Allerdings scheine ich nicht den normalen Bitstream-Zugang (Internet PPPoE VLAN 10, VoIP DHCP VLAN 20) zu haben, sondern den "NC VDSL-Bitstream-Anschluss V2". Zumindest die VLAN ID scheint hier anders zu sein.

Die Zugangsdaten für SIP habe ich auch ausgelesen, allerdings ist der Registrar ohne die zweite Verbindung nicht erreichbar.

 

[andiling]

Schon mal ebenfalls mit vlan 7 probiert? (z.B. Telekom Vorleister)

 

[nbd44]

Hallo,

ich habe festgestellt, dass scheinbar doch nur die PPPoE-Verbindung mit VLAN tag 7 benötigt wird. Der Registrar (172.17.66.102) lässt sich zwar nicht anpingen und ein Portscan findet auch nichts.
Wenn ich die SIP-Zugangsdaten allerdings in mein Gigaset C430A eingebe, funktioniert es ... ein bisschen.

Manchmal kann sich das Telefon anmelden, manchmal gibt es nur "Anmeldung fehlgeschlagen" zurück. Ausgehende Anrufe funkionieren in ~50% der Fälle, bei eingehenden war ich noch nicht erfolgreich.
Ich habe zwar momentan keine Idee, woran das liegen könnte, aber zumindest scheint von DSL-Verbindungsseite damit alles OK zu sein.

 

[nbd44]

Das Problem tritt übrigens unabhängig vom Router auf, also auch wenn ich die SIP-Daten in das Gigaset-Telefon eintrage und als Router die FritzBox (mit deaktivierten SIP-Accounts) benutze.

Auch mit Jitsi konnte ich das Problem reproduzieren.
Hier werden periodisch OPTIONS requests geschickt, auf die die Gegenseite mit 100 Trying gefolgt von 200 Alive antwortet. Irgendwann kommen allerdings nur noch 403 Forbidden-Antworten zurück, bis der Client einen neuen REGISTER request schickt.

Ich könnte mir vorstellen, dass die Gegenseite die OPTIONS requests aus irgendeinem Grund nicht mag. Kann ich diese deaktivieren und was wären mögliche Probleme damit?

Update: Das ist der relevante Teil meiner voip.cfg, sollte da noch was auffälliges drin stehen:

voipcfg {
        dnsport = 7077;
        rtpport_start = 7078;
        sip_srcport = 5060;
        ua1 {
                enabled = yes;
                username = "GEHEIM";
                authname = "";
                passwd = "GEHEIM";
                registrar = "172.17.66.102";
                ttl = 1h;
                sipping_enabled = no;
                sipping_interval = 280s;
                name = "GEHEIM";
                providername = "";
                ims_client = no;
                with_displayname = no;
                dtmfcfg = dtmfcfg_rtp_or_inband;
                rtpevent_keep_packetrate = no;
                register_failwait = 0w;
                register_failwaitmax = 30m;
                stunserver = "";
                stunserverport = 3478;
                use_internat_calling_numb = no;
                is_nat_aware = no;
                localip = 0.0.0.0;
                protocolprefer = protocolprefer_ipv4only;
                ignore_received_header = no;
                always_clir = no;
                clirtype = clir_star31;
                colptype = colp_none;
                clipnstype = clipns_off;
                vad_enabled = no;
                only_one_dialog = no;
                presence_supported = no;
                mwi_supported = no;
                mwi_inmemoria = no;
                ccbs_supported = no;
                reg_support = regsupport_auto;
                packetization = packetization_fixed;
                tx_packetsize_in_ms = 20;
                xrtp_periodic = 0;
                reject_refer = yes;
                no_register_fetch = yes;
                do_not_register = no;
                only_call_from_registrar = no;
                invite_without_register_allowed = no;
                outboundproxy = "172.17.66.102";
                outboundproxy_without_route_header = no;
                factory_3pty_uri = "";
                no_hold_speech = no;
                dditype = ddi_none;
                ddireception = "";
                webui_trunk_id = "";
                alias_head_number = "";
                cfxsignaling = cfx_standard;
                backup_wanted = no;
                use_session_timer = no;
                use_rport = yes;
                add_rtpmap_for_all_codecs = no;
                answer_only_one_codec = no;
                without_annexb_no = no;
                srtp_supported = no;
                use_488_for_no_t38 = no;
                g726_via_rfc3551 = no;
                no_g726_32_offer_with_pt2 = no;
                g726_fixed_ptime30 = no;
                dtmf_inband_on_g711g722 = no;
                enable_3xx = yes;
                t38_reinvite_from_remote = no;
                use_t38version0 = no;
                rtcp_xr_media_attribute = no;
                ptime_a_attribute = yes;
                tones_and_announcements_for_service = no;
                read_p_asserted_identity_header = no;
                route_always_over_internet = no;
                sipiface = sipiface_automatic;
                altc_attribute_rfc6947 = no;
                gui_readonly = no;
                convertstate = 0;
                snmp_instance = 0;
        }
...
        register_sequence_timer = 0;
        use_audiocodecs = no;
        audiocodecs = "PCMA", "PCMU", "G726-32";
        verbose = no;
        capi_blocksize_in_ms = 30;
        sip_prio = 0;
        rtp_prio = 0;
        rtcp_prio = 0;
        dyn_codecs = yes;
        prio_low_codec = no;
        send_ringtone = no;
        t38_support_enabled = no;
        t38_ignore_provider_profil = no;
        reduce_data_rate = yes;
        enum_support_enabled = no;
        bandwidth_to_leave_KBits = 0;
        dialoglimit = 0;
        enumdomains = "e164.arpa", "e164.org", "openenum.eu";
        rtpstream {
                voice_activity_detection {
                        vad_enabled = vadenabled_no;
                        vad_threshold = 10000;
                }
                plc {
                        in_the_stack = yes;
                }
                jitter {
                        auto_on = yes;
                        in_ms = 50;
                        in_packets = 0;
                }
                rtcp_enabled = yes;
                silence_detection = no;
        }
        voip_assi_enabled = no;
        voip_over_mobile = no;
        gui_readonly = no;
        voipcfg_version = 0;
}